An electric vehicle battery is often used to power the electric motors of a vehicle, the most common type is made of lithium-ion due to their specific energy, cycle life and efficiency. The battery makes up a significant portion of the cost and environmental impact of an electric vehicle. There are many options for the materials, hence there are different possible battery chemistries, each with their own advantages and disadvantages. Growth in the electric vehicle industry has generated interest in securing ethical battery supply, as well as responsibly recycling them. This is where SWM comes into the picture to carry out the recycling of EV battery in a responsible manner – have a peep at this short animation for an improved understanding. For more information, please reach us at enquiry@se-curewaste.com or visit our website at www.se-curewaste.com

ABSTRACT: The development of environmentally benign hydrometallurgical processes to treat spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is a critical aspect of the electronic-waste circular economy. Herein, as an alternative to the highly explosive H2O2, discarded orange peel powder (OP) is valorized as a green reductant for the leaching of industrially produced LIBs scraps in citric acid (H3Cit) lixiviant. The reductive potential of the cellulose- and antioxidant- rich OP was validated using the 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid and 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic) acid assays. Leaching parameters such as OP concentration (200 mg), processing temperature (100 °C), H3Cit concentration (1.5 M), reaction duration (4 h), and slurry density (25 g/mL) were systematically optimized to achieve 80−99% leaching efficiencies of Ni, Mn, Co, and Li from the LIB “black mass”. Importantly, solid side- streams generated by the OP-enabled leaching displayed negligible cytotoxicity in three different human cell lines, suggesting that the process is environmentally safe. As a proof of concept, Co(OH)2 was selectively recovered from the green lixiviant and subsequently utilized to fabricate new batches of LiCoO2 (LCO) coin cell batteries. Galvanostatic charge−discharge test revealed that the regenerated batteries exhibited initial charge and discharge values of 120 and 103 mAh/g, respectively, which is comparable to the performance of commercial LCO batteries. The use of fruit peel waste to recover valuable metals from spent LIBs is an effective, ecofriendly, and sustainable strategy to minimize the environmental footprint of both waste types.

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